Acute and Chronic Inflammation: Effect of the Risk Factor (s) on the Progression of the Early Inflammatory Response to the Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress

Multiple risk factors are known to exist that will attack cells at various parts of the body eliciting new inflammation sites hence new inflammatory diseases. Acute inflammation usually takes place first in response to the attack of the risk factor (s). As soon as the risk factor (s) is removed, the acute inflammatory response will stop. Conceivably, acute inflammation does not lead to oxidative and nitrosative stress or any serious adverse effect. However, when the risk factor (s) continues to exist, the acute inflammation will progress to chronic inflammation. It is the chronic inflammation that plays the major role in the pathogenesis of all inflammatory diseases. By monitoring soluble markers corresponding to the sequential events of both acute and chronic inflammation it is possible not only to determine whether an individual is currently exposed to risk factor (s) of inflammation but also the extent of overall inflammation reaction.